How can shareholders influence corporate sustainability?

Shareholders can significantly influence corporate sustainability by voting and advocating for ESG (Environmental, Social, and Governance) accountability. This engagement allows shareholders to express their preferences and priorities regarding a company's sustainability practices and performance. When shareholders utilize their voting rights on important issues such as climate policies, social responsibility, executive compensation, and other ESG-related matters, they can prompt companies to adopt more sustainable practices and policies. Additionally, shareholders can engage directly with management and the board, advocating for sustainability initiatives and transparency in reporting. This influence is crucial because companies often respond to their shareholders' concerns to maintain their support and meet evolving market expectations.

The other options do not effectively address how shareholders influence corporate sustainability. Receiving dividends from profitable companies does not inherently connect to sustainability efforts. Investing solely based on financial metrics neglects the long-term risks and impacts associated with environmental and social factors. Focusing solely on short-term gains can detract from a company’s ability to prioritize sustainable practices, which often require a long-term commitment and vision.